Kanok, Nayan Jyoti Roy (59982683700); Khan, Md. Muhtasim (60400922500); Tasnim, Fariha (59921194100); Sultana, Jakia (58579854300); Zulfahmi, Ilham (57203988315); Rahman, Mohammad Mahmudur (55163933600); Rashid, Harunur (56719231300); Sumon, Kizar Ahmed (57189869764)
The indiscriminate and excessive use of pesticides ultimately reaches the aquatic ecosystems and results in detrimental impacts on fish and other aquatic species. The current study focused on elucidating the acute toxic effects of the organophosphate pesticide, profenofos, on various blood biomarkers in banded gourami (Trichogaster fasciata). Fish were subjected to different sub-lethal concentrations (0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 40% of the 96-h LC50 = 2972.7 μg/L) of profenofos for 1, 24, and 96 h. Fish exposed to profenofos induced a significant rise (p < 0.05) in glucose, white blood cell levels, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin and a subsequent decrease in hemoglobin, red blood cell count, and packed cell volume. Furthermore, erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities such as micronucleus, notched nucleus, karyopyknosis, and blebbed nucleus, and erythrocytic cellular abnormalities such as elongated, fusion, spindle, tear-drop, and twin-shaped cells were observed. These abnormalities displayed a dose- and time-dependent increase compared with the control. This study underscores the detrimental impact of the prevalent utilization of profenofos within aquatic environments and highlights the need for interdisciplinary actions to conserve the aquatic environment as well as the aquatic biota. © 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Department of Fisheries Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh; Department of Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia; Marine and Coastal Resources Institute, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand; Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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