Yon, Dong Keon (57193675906); Kim, Min Seo (57203591936); Mokdad, Ali H. (7004813962); Zyoud, Sa’ed H. (58486874500); Zou, Zhiyong (35270950600); Zoghi, Ghazal (57222254861); Zielińska, Magdalena (58491440100); Zhumagaliuly, Abzal (57999133100); Zhu, Bin (57195958809); Zhou, Xiao-Dong (57192705858); Zhou, Shuduo (57216339945); Zhong, Claire Chenwen (60033328900); Zhong, Anthony (57886452300); Zhao, Hanqing (59742707300); Zhang, Zhiqiang (57924906200); Zhang, Yunquan (56568510200); Zhang, Liqun (60585009700); P Zhang, Casper J. (57157668500); Zebari, Salih M. Mustafa Salih (60264327900); M Zeariya, Mohammed G. (60585009800); Zawiah, Mohammed (57200374267); Zanghì, Aurora (57189760694); Yu, Chuanhua (57208140344); Youssef, Mohammed Y. (59571620400); Yonemoto, Naohiro (57204947657); Yin, Dehui (55881605800); Yesuf, Subah Abderehim (57800370700); Ye, Pengpeng (57202839295); Yasufuku, Yuichi (60370448000); Yaribeygi, Habib (57200135767); Yano, Yuichiro (59776825000); Yamagishi, Kazumasa (35231751500); Yahya, Galal (55971917800); Xu, Xiaoyue (59560820600); Xu, Suowen (35303824800); Xie, Wanqing (59667879600); Wubie, Yihun Miskir (59950923600); Wu, Zenghong (57208700583); Wu, Felicia (55700782200); Wonde, Tewodros Eshete (57207759070); Wojewodzic, Marcin W. (15019918600); Willeit, Peter (57201562616); Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana (55326938000); Wickramasinghe, Dakshitha Praneeth (37099212100); Wicaksana, Anggi Lukman (57204802271); Werdecker, Andrea (57208964895); Wassie, Toyiba Hiyaru (57224994489); Waqar, Ahmed Bilal (35088909900); Wanjau, Mary Njeri (57209206928); Wang, Yanzhong (59417336500); Wang, Xingxin (59668183900); Wang, Xing (60573655600); Waheed, Yasir (35303643700); Vujcic, Isidora S. (55957120100); Vu, Loc Tri (57200613009); Vinayak, Manish (58199948600); Vervoort, Dominique (57202385503); Verras, Georgios-Ioannis (57226630938); Verma, Madhur (57189521090); Vasankari, Tommi Juhani (57200592416); Varthya, Shoban Babu (56586223000); Varghese, Joe (57372145200); den Eynde, Jef Van (59383291100); Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj (58309502900); Usman, Jibrin Sammani (57200394078); Uppal, Dipan (57203063847); Upadhyay, Era (6505961711); Upadhya, Dinesh (24333659800); Umair, Muhammad (56641365200); Udoakang, Aniefiok John (57217492763); Tyrovolas, Stefanos (57207793475); Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya (59156725100); Tualeka, Abdul Rohim (36447791600); Truyen, Thien Tan Tri Tai (58308873300); Trico, Domenico (56755363000); Minh Duc, Nguyen Tran (57199622107); Tran, Thang Huu (58158086500); Huong Tran, Quynh Thuy (59208404200); Tran, Nghia Minh (58956499800); Trabelsi, Khaled (57209079185); Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto (56644977900); Touvier, Mathilde (8877033300); Tonelli, Marcello (7103102534); Tomo, Sojit (57219773428); Tiwari, Krishna (58560409500); Vera Ticoalu, Jansje Henny (58806122400); Thayakaran, Rasiah (55515625100); Thapar, Rekha (60570049300); Thapa, Rajshree (55845440200); Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman (57202955435); Thangavelu, Lakshmi (57221436939); Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan (55854329500); Thakur, Ramna (57203728704); Teramoto, Masayuki (57222309775); Temsah, Mohamad-Hani (56115852000); Tat, Nathan Y. (57820156400); Tang, Haosu (57218599887); Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze (57210897062); Tampa, Mircea (55324899600); Talaat, Iman M. (7801465176); Taiba, Jabeen (58619394600); Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar (57207799926); Tadakamadla, Jyothi (60436061900); Tabish, Mohammad (57211184911); Tabche, Celine (57561023400); Tabatabai, Shima (56005281800); Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir (57194494579); Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad (55935372700); Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael (6602981102); T Y, Sree Sudha (59331290900); Szarpak, Lukasz (55053599400); Swain, Chandan Kumar (58956745000); Sunuwar, Dev Ram (57207949901); Sundström, Johan (56702246400); Sun, Jing (55547135859); Suleman, Muhammad (57196800921); Subramaniyan, Vetriselvan (56721233900); Subedi, Narayan (55783216400); Stubbs, Peter (35741989300); Stanaway, Jeffrey D. (57201210928); Srinivasamurthy, Suresh Kumar (56381537800); Srichawla, Bahadar S. (57966236000); Spartalis, Michael (55862161100); Soudah, Ola (57216501155); M Soliman, Sameh S. (57261328400); Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna (57218875198); Singh, Surjit (55740397100); Singh, Rohit (60585204800); Singh, Puneetpal (55463323200); Singh, Paramdeep (57202809996); Singh, Lucky (54586006900); Singh, Kalpana (57209188118); Singh, Jasvinder A. (7404421736); Singh, Harmanjit (57215069796); Singh, Bhim Pratap (55841636400); Singh, Baljinder (55769747784); Singh, Aditya (12753216100); Singh, Abhinav (16234867200); Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues (11838952800); Sikdar, Mithun (23566814100); Siervo, Mario (14623120800); Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar (55879555400); Si, Yafei (60583157200); Shuval, Kerem (8215146800); Shrestha, Sunil (56453947500); Shorofi, Seyed Afshin (35086976700); Shool, Sina (57221702987); Shokri, Fereshteh (57208315239); Shiue, Ivy (35811219800); Shittu, Aminu (16418068900); Shiri, Rahman (57200737050); Shi, Wenming (60286024200); Shetty, Suraj S. (57190811154); Shetty, Premalatha K. (13608971500); Shetty, Pavanchand H. (60410589500); Shenoy, Rekha Raghuveer (23467648000); Shehzadi, Somia (57211961654); Sharma, Vishal (57988338000); Sharma, Ujjawal (55145355700); Sharma, Manoj (55468811500); Sharifan, Amin (57224116591); Sharfaei, Sadaf (57204003245); Shao, Xian (59420670000); Shanawaz, Mohd (57208665379); Shamsutdinova, Alfiya (6507538546); Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran (57193608415); Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib (58030336800); Sham, Sunder (58031551200); Shaikh, Summaiya Zareen (60585402000); Shaikh, Masood Ali (57203122601); Shahwan, Moyad Jamal (6601974519); Shahid, Samiah (57208126144); Shahabi, Saeed (57211581903); Shahab, Muhammad (58748598800); Shafie, Mahan (57221374072); Sha’aban, Abubakar (57193492624); Seylani, Allen (57222325334); Setoguchi, Soko (10144067900); Sethi, Yashendra (57862678600); Serban, Dragos (58956499100); Sepanlou, Sadaf G. (36248136000); Senthilkumaran, Subramanian (36191387000); Sendekie, Ashenafi Kibret (57204217395); Selvaraj, Siddharthan (57223264725); Schwendicke, Falk (55639536600); Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth (57216814352); Schumacher, Austin E. (60005948200); Schmidt, Maria Inês (7404398885); Schinckus, Christophe (24173532300); Sayeed, Md Abu (60585110100); Sayeed, Abu (57214317429); Saya, Ganesh Kumar (55391007900); Saxena, Juhi (56567742400); Sawhney, Monika (57217153893); Sarveazad, Arash (54882387000); Sarrafzadegan, Nizal (6701751316); Sarode, Sachin C. (26634224100); Sarode, Gargi Sachin (35362850500); Sarkar, Tanmay (57203373596); Nadeem Saqib, Muhammad Arif (59454858800); Santric-Milicevic, Milena M. (57211144346); Santos, Itamar S. (59436236900); Samy, Abdallah M. (36973661300); Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo (57363130700); Sami, Waqas (24345336800); Samargandy, Saad (57204440040); Saleh, Mohamed A. (7201797507); Saleem, Samreen (54403958600); Salaroli, Luciane B. (51462017200); Sajid, Mirza Rizwan (35249305600); Sajadi, S. Mohammad (22136195900); Sahoo, Soumya Swaroop (57204573139); Sahebkar, Amirhossein (26639699900); Sharif-Askari, Narjes Saheb (60005972700); Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh Saheb (59323396800); Sagoe, Dominic (55505787200); Safi, Sher Zaman (35620794800); Saeed, Umar (36612315100); Saeb, Mohammad Reza (24833454900); Sadeghi, Masoumeh (35516248000); Saddik, Basema Ahmad (23020079300); Dhingra, Mamta Sachdeva (59762671100); Sabzmakan, Leila (36069991300); Sabet, Cameron John (57223244316); Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed (36100701200); A Saad, Aly M. (60585304700); Rwegerera, Godfrey Mutashambara (56033523400); Russo, Michele (56953235900); Roy, Simanta (57477614500); Roy, Priyanka (58956986100); Roy, Nitai (57262294700); Patrick Ross, Allen Guy (60585501700); Root, Kevin T. (57940302000); Khan Rony, Moustaq Karim (57542385200); Romadlon, Debby Syahru (57366799600); Rohilla, Ravi (57217307955); Roever, Leonardo (56641632800); Buendia Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio (22936575000); da Silva, Thales Philipe Rodrigues (58966929200); Rodrigues, Mónica (57206840982); Rezaeian, Mohsen (15053682700); Rezaei, Nazila (36700192900); Remuzzi, Giuseppe (56466188600); Redwan, Elrashdy (59012858000); Razo, Christian (57203531684); Rawaf, Salman (6602475959); Rawaf, David Laith (57209228052); Rauniyar, Santosh Kumar (57218821317); Rathish, Devarajan (57188755730); Rasouli-Saravani, Ashkan (57222281825); Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi (57324471900); Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa (57463539300); Rashedi, Sina (57222342404); Rao, Mithun (57145799600); Rancic, Nemanja (54941042300); Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal (56719695500); Rana, Rishabh Kumar (57109944200); Rana, Kritika (57612720700); Ramphul, Kamleshun (56152715500); Ramazanu, Sheena (57211945291); Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran (58321724400); Ramasamy, Chitra (58182683900); Ramadan, Mahmoud Mohammed (35910433800); Rajput, Prashant (53986492000); Rajaa, Sathish (57205681553); Raja, Sandesh (58122094800); Rai, Rajesh Kumar (51864423900); Rahmawaty, Setyaningrum (58491409700); Rahmati, Masoud (55802046400); Rahmanian, Mohammad (58485118400); Rahman, Muhammad Aziz (55327627600); Ur Rahman, Mohammad Hifz (57202017378); Raghav, Pankaja (57208123272); Radhakrishnan, Venkatraman (34873452800); Qiao, Yanan (58396750700); Qattea, Ibrahim (57222260346); Puvvula, Jagadeesh (57223195816); Purkait, Tirna (58180181800); Sady Prates, Elton Junio (60141699800); Prashant, Akila (16040597000); Prasad, Manya (56599789200); Singh Pradhan, Pranil Man (55622537400); Pradhan, Jalandhar (13807664800); Pourghazi, Farzad (57563447100); Avudaiappan, Arjun Pon (58659822800); Poluru, Ramesh (57205250311); Poddighe, Dimitri (14623163000); Plotnikov, Evgenii (58956985600); Pischon, Tobias (6603736500); Pham, Hoang Nhat (57210532223); Petermann-Rocha, Fanny (57220028899); Perna, Simone (57202419601); Perico, Norberto (56481931200); Pereira, Gavin (35091486200); Peprah, Prince (57200369019); Toroudi, Hamidreza Pazoki (24822763100); Pawar, Shrikant (58594958600); Patoulias, Dimitrios (57038894600); Patil, Shankargouda (58278922000); Patel, Jay (59222700400); Passera, Roberto (6602981792); Pashaei, Ava (59499362200); Park, Eun-Cheol (57208356854); Parikh, Romil R. (57204150124); Parija, Pragyan Paramita (57209003444); Parida, Amrita (55611928400); Parekh, Utsav (55804990900); Pardhan, Shahina (7003706887); Stoian, Anca Pantea (59753418000); Pantazopoulos, Ioannis (35574470700); Pande Katare, Deepshikha (54399844200); Panda, Sujogya Kumar (59126539000); Padubidri, Jagadish Rao (58295062300); Padron-Monedero, Alicia (56532107100); A, Mahesh P. (57211184585); Owolabi, Mayowa O. (57222581892); Oumer, Abdu (57212241486); Osuagwu, Uchechukwu Levi (46062324800); Ortiz-Prado, Esteban (56037076100); Ortiz, Alberto (7201911399); Orish, Verner N. (55253440500); Ordak, Michal (55992015900); Ong, Sok King (36614524300); Bali, Ahmed Omar (57201273344); Omar, Hany A. (35213612000); Oludoye, Oluseye Olalekan (57193498859); Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia Maria (60215380700); Oliveira, Arão Belitardo (60069230800); Olalusi, Oladotun Victor (57967355600); Olagunju, Andrew T. (26029995700); Okwute, Patrick Godwin (58492412800); Okekunle, Akinkunmi Paul (56668691000); Okeke, Sylvester Reuben (57200939187); Okati-Aliabad, Hassan (57211186862); Ojo-Akosile, Tolulope R. (58566223700); Oguta, James Odhiambo (57218948901); Odetokun, Ismail A. (58518431400); Oancea, Bogdan (26658614800); Nzoputam, Ogochukwu Janet (57819279400); Nzoputam, Chimezie Igwegbe (57217058740); Nurrika, Dieta (57204936262); Nur, Aqsha (57219985301); Nugen, Fred (60565304000); Ntsekhe, Mpiko (11340073300); Nri-Ezedi, Chisom Adaobi (57218593582); Nouri, Mehran (57207824453); Noubiap, Jean Jacques (55490374000); Ahmed Noor, Syed Toukir (60215459600); Nomura, Shuhei (55632290700); Niranjan, Vikram (57216689994); Anggraini Ningrum, Dina Nur (59454944500); Nikravangolsefid, Nasrin (57216919994); Nikoobar, Ali (57580752700); Niazi, Robina Khan (57204666021); Nguyen, Van Thanh (58491437100); Nguyen, Dang (57220970272); Netsere, Henok Biresaw (60420484000); Nekouei, Omid (57568113300); Negoi, Ruxandra Irina (55566106200); Negoi, Ionut (57200640014); Negahdary, Masoud (54398913700); Nazri-Panjaki, Athare (57207856777); Nayak, Biswa Prakash (56639942500); NA, Nawsherwan (60585402100); Kumari Navaratna, Samidi Nirasha (60215297300); Nauman, Javaid (35334911400); Natto, Zuhair S. (37000768500); Nassar, Mahmoud (57221960592); Nasrollahizadeh, Amir (57223368731); Nasrollahizadeh, Ali (57483658500); Nascimento, Gustavo G. (55849893800); Nascimento, Bruno Ramos (14424406800); Nargus, Shumaila (58491929300); Swamy, Sreenivas Narasimha (57222706843); Kuni Nandu, Kannothu Thazha (60584910400); Nanavaty, Dhairya P. (58109177800); Nambi, Gopal (57202741792); Najdaghi, Soroush (57218267592); Nainu, Firzan (57120069200); Naik, Ganesh R. (14825548600); Nafei, Ayoub (59126538800); Myung, Woojae (37099034100); Mustafa, Ghulam (57190395960); Musa, Sani (57225357356); L Murray, Christopher J. (60215260100); Murillo-Zamora, Efren (55496438100); Munkhsaikhan, Yanjinlkham (57224919037); Mulita, Admir (58491929200); Mubarik, Sumaira (57202290474); Khaneghah, Amin Mousavi (57203634349); Mougin, Vincent (58857561500); Motappa, Rohith (57577479200); Mossialos, Elias (7004354602); Morovatdar, Negar (55221857000); Moraga, Paula (46761426800); Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar (35617421300); Moradi, Yousef (55338348700); Ghalibaf, AmirAli Moodi (59568418200); Namin, Sara Montazeri (58784402200); Vardanjani, Hossein Molavi (56556955100); Mohammed, Shafiu (57838689000); Mohammadzadeh, Ibrahim (57216925063); Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah (55602206500); Mohammad, Ameen Mosa (56104792300); Mohamed, Nouh Saad (60271518900); Mohamed, Mona Gamal (57576555400); Mogessie, Yidnek (60132914400); Mocciaro, Gabriele (57211023140); Mirrakhimov, Erkin M. (57216202888); Mirghafourvand, Mojgan (37056285000); Mini, G.K. (12800865800); Minervini, Giuseppe (57190170894); Miller, Ted R. (7403948600); Sá, Ana Carolina Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de (57211230479); Michalek, Irmina Maria (56982945900); Miazgowski, Tomasz (6701404689); Mestrovic, Tomislav (6507240107); Meo, Sultan Ayoub (7003732623); Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A. (7003278838); Menezes, Ritesh G. (55517099900); Mendez-Lopez, Max Alberto (57207774180); Meles, Hadush Negash (57209110507); Melaku, Yohannes Adama (57203122720); Meto, Tesfahun Mekene (59156731000); Mehra, Rahul (57215412112); Mehmood, Asim (57219905276); Meftah, Elahe (57377082800); Meena, Jitendra Kumar (57217997226); McKee, Martin (7202304775); Mazidi, Mohsen (57200232563); Maugeri, Andrea (56740683100); Mattiello, Rita (25223467700); Mathur, Navgeet (57193832639); Mathur, Medha (57193831433); Mathur, Manu Raj (55270329300); Masrouri, Soroush (57291670700); Marzouk, Sammer (57483835900); März, Winfried (57220877383); Martorell, Miquel (57211415589); Martini, Daniela (58978491400); Martinez-Piedra, Ramon (60211466800); Marino, Mirko (58956494000); Marghani, Basma Hamed (57195927140); Marateb, Hamid Reza (35759194200); Marasini, Bishnu P. (51565657000); Maqsood, Sajid (26767951000); Mansournia, Mohammad Ali (34570618600); Mansourian, Marjan (26027945700); Manla, Yosef (57218291420); Mamun, Abdullah A. (59434050400); Malta, Deborah Carvalho (15835283500); Malik, Ahmad Azam (57198682313); Malekzadeh, Reza (7005197760); Rad, Elaheh Malakan (59052104700); Makram, Abdelrahman M. (57226491826); Majeed, Azeem (7102027801); Mahmoudi, Elham (37034395100); Mahalleh, Mehrdad (57212591499); Maghazachi, Azzam A. (7004562043); Mafi, Alireza (57200102089); Mabrok, Mahmoud (57202002158); Ma, Zheng Feei (56248284800); Lv, Lei (59212549900); Lugo, Alessandra (55227636600); Lucchetti, Giancarlo (35790096500); Lorkowski, Stefan (57203677656); López-Gil, José Francisco (57211391916); Liu, Xuefeng (37050047900); Liu, Liu (60585109700); Lindholm, Daniel (57203068654); Lin, Ro-Ting (15123000400); Lin, Jialing (57190221282); Lim, Stephen S. (57201800433); Lim, Lee-Ling (56988527400); Ligade, Virendra S. (15769728900); Li, Wei (57209342375); Li, Ming-Chieh (56144176300); Li, Jiaying (57216040129); Li, An (58241976800); Leivaditis, Vasileios (57219959847); Lee, Seung Won (57223118056); Lee, Paul H. (60584807000); Lee, Ivan (60585401500); Ledda, Caterina (54885410300); Thu Le, Thao Thi (56682043100); Hanh Le, Nhi Huu (60341804500); Nhat Le, Minh Huu (59005355900); Lauriola, Paolo (7004129174); Lau, Jerrald (57205484963); Latief, Kamaluddin (26428870800); Lám, Judit (7201973410); Lallukka, Tea (6508300634); Ching Lai, Daphne Teck (57199649884); Lahariya, Chandrakant (13205447400); Vecchia, Carlo La (59662763800); Kytö, Ville (6602655040); Kusuma, Dian (57190047530); Kusnali, Asep (57947961700); Kurniasari, Maria Dyah (57204913353); Kunutsor, Setor K. (33467761800); Kundu, Satyajit (57214314942); Kumar, Shiv (57213856169); Kumar, Nithin (36678889900); Kumar, Ashish (57209337282); Kulimbet, Mukhtar (57288600700); Kuddus, Mohammed (8596487800); Bicer, Burcu Kucuk (57204528360); Defo, Barthelemy Kuate (6602271655); Krishna, Varun (58960977100); Krishan, Kewal (57202279708); Kostev, Karel (25637745400); Kosen, Soewarta (57211346192); Korzh, Oleksii (59993899900); Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich (57203303920); Kompani, Farzad (56071483000); Kolahi, Ali-Asghar (24331775400); Kokkorakis, Michail (58309441600); KM, Shivakumar (60410586600); Kivimäki, Mika (7004391239); Kisa, Adnan (6603346067); Kimokoti, Ruth W. (8647554600); Kim, Yun Jin (57211086375); Kim, Kwanghyun (60626052100); Kifle, Zemene Demelash (57216524881); Khubchandani, Jagdish (57211720011); Khosla, Atulya Aman (57219789185); Khidri, Feriha Fatima (57210751376); Khateri, Sorour (57192959720); Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad (26421267800); Khanal, Vishnu (55151541100); Khan, Muhammad Umair (60585401600); Khan, Moien AB (57209800900); Khan, Mohammad Jobair (57298003900); Khan, M. Nuruzzaman (57215721758); Khan, Fayaz (57189525469); Khan, Ajmal (59500031900); Khammarnia, Mohammad (55804349000); Khalilian, Alireza (59357174700); Khalid, Nauman (57204561542); Khajuria, Himanshu (56639982500); Khaing, Inn Kynn (60093314200); Keykhaei, Mohammad (57208162861); Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle (35573782000); Kelly, Jaimon Terence (57020468500); Keflie, Tibebeselassie S. (56868565700); Kedir, Shemsu (57219967656); Kazemian, Sina (57221397269); Kayode, Gbenga A. (53463867400); Kauppila, Joonas H. (37665210400); Kasraei, Hengameh (57194520224); Kashoo, Faizan Zaffar (57208602574); Karimzadhagh, Sahand (58647357200); Karimi, Yeganeh (57222872611); Karimi, Aliasghar (55836553200); Karakasis, Paschalis (58141585400); Karagiannidis, Efstratios (57215781819); Kanmiki, Edmund Wedam (56823634100); Kankam, Samuel Berchi (57222295087); Kamorudeen, Ramat T. (57212104997); Kamath, Ashwin (35724313100); Kalra, Sanjay (13408725200); Kakkar, Ashish Kumar (46961218600); Kabir, Zubair (57207901718); Kabir, Ali (23050698400); Jyoti, Anupam (24724788600); Juweid, Malik E. (35395386400); Jürisson, Mikk (55547524800); Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy (21833993700); Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma (58491197900); Joseph, Nitin (35292547200); Jonas, Jost B. (7202492953); Jokar, Mohammad (57221729841); Ji, Zixiang (58582016000); Jha, Anil K. (57535867200); Jeswani, Bijay Mukesh (58799108700); Jeong, Gwang Hun (57211904146); Jebasingh, Felix K. (24504351000); Jayasinghe, Ruwan Duminda (56423475200); Jayaram, Shubha (57221589240); Jayapal, Sathish Kumar (57202019648); Jawaid, Talha (26326847900); Jamil, Safayet (57779252400); Jalloh, Mohamed (56835467800); Jakovljevic, Mihajlo (14318929700); Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman (57208735762); Jain, Akhil (57225972689); Jahrami, Haitham (24391114300); Jahanmehr, Nader (57203122718); Jafarzadeh, Abdollah (32667811600); Jacob, Louis (56779678900); Vinothini, J. (59243924200); Iyer, Mahalaxmi (57210437646); Iwagami, Masao (54381883100); Isola, Gaetano (25825125500); Iso, Hiroyasu (35227393400); Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah (57885381900); Islam, Md Rabiul (57215057958); Iskandar, Benni (57197868423); Iqhrammullah, Muhammad (57208859701); Inok, Arit (59659210000); Immurana, Mustapha (57215875071); Imam, Mohammad Tarique (60706749100); Ilic, Milena D. (7102981394); Ilic, Irena M. (57210823522); Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen (54782692800); Ikiroma, Adalia (57802826500); Ikeda, Nayu (57203693946); Ibrayeva, Anel (59373203100); Ibrahim, Umar Idris (56543237100); Ibrahim, Ramzi (57222738173); Huynh, Hong-Han (58260528100); Hussain, Javid (9535362000); Huang, Junjie (57199198962); Hostiuc, Sorin (24829099800); Hostiuc, Mihaela (51763789200); Hosseinzadeh, Hassan (55913030700); Hosseini, Seyed Kianoosh (57210683332); Hossain, Md Belal (57965228600); Holla, Ramesh (55270371800); Hoang, Mai (59667877400); Hiraike, Yuta (55701690300); Herrera-Serna, Brenda Yuliana (57204618451); Hemmati, Mehdi (56381650600); Heidari, Golnaz (57218883864); Hebert, Jeffrey J. (35233589600); He, Qiang (60585109900); He, Jiawei (57201492225); Hbid, Youssef (57219418280); Hayat, Khezar (57219918947); Hay, Simon I. (7101875313); Havmoeller, Rasmus J. (57212075728); Hassan, Nageeb (7102783118); Hassan, Ikrama (57216965519); Hassan, Amr (55618204400); Hasnain, Md Saquib (36809656200); Hashempur, Mohammad Hashem (55498239300); Hashempour, Reza (57210358866); Hasani, Hamidreza (55632123200); Marah Has, Eka Mishbahatul (57201186391); Haro, Josep Maria (57215877903); Harlianto, Netanja I. (57218510727); Hargono, Arief (57208225627); Harding, Kassandra L. (59969906300); Haque, Obaid I. (57222254697); Hanna, Fahad (8608586300); Hankey, Graeme J. (7102816661); Hamdy, Nadia M. (57190847144); Hamadeh, Randah R. (57202769526); Haile, Demewoz (40861134200); Hadian, Zahra (25421608700); Hadi, Najah R. (40461430800); Hadei, Mostafa (57194454641); Habteyesus, Dagim Fisseha (59516995600); Gutiérrez-Murillo, Roberth Steven (57222355491); Gupta, Vivek Kumar (35073936800); Gupta, Vijai Kumar (60585501500); Gupta, Veer Bala (57194978364); Gupta, Sapna (57217857409); Gupta, Rajeev (55705295300); Gupta, Bhawna (56763353100); Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga (57201316656); Gulati, Snigdha (58960555500); Guha, Avirup (56201612900); Mohialdeen Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim (57219427897); Guarducci, Giovanni (57259051500); Guan, Zhongyang (59668335000); Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh (57220868436); Grover, Ashna (59574016600); Grosso, Giuseppe (57196998256); Grivna, Michal (6602150133); Grada, Ayman (55797741000); Goulart, Alessandra C. (57201181348); Goleij, Pouya (57217533849); Golechha, Mahaveer (36006347600); Göbölös, Laszlo (18934536800); Glasstetter, Logan M. (57605776100); Girmay, Alem Abera (57202086509); Gill, Tiffany K. (8545441900); Gil, Artyom Urievich (58284852000); Vajargah, Pooyan Ghorbani (59563493200); Ghorbani, Zeinab (56376317900); Gholami, Zainab (57221385488); Gholamalizadeh, Maryam (56017715600); Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed (57212085342); Ghasemi, Mohammad-Reza (57222125520); Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi (57207567632); Ghafourifard, Mansour (57193420915); Ghaffari, Kazem (56725625500); Ghadirian, Fataneh (56896149700); Ghadimi, Delaram J. (58021951600); Getie, Molla (58691186400); Getacher, Lemma (57219912857); Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru (57210337170); Gebregergis, Miglas Welay (58955738100); Gautam, Rupesh K. (55216656700); Gastélum Espinoza, Wendy Paola (59652896900); Gallus, Silvano (7005387365); Galali, Yaseen (60366054400); Gaipov, Abduzhappar (54415462800); Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji (25031248900); Gadanya, Muktar A. (25957587400); Gaal, Peter Andras (55966171600); Sridevi, G. (59242892200); Fraij, Amin (60264598800); Fotouhi, Maryam (57223357016); Foschi, Matteo (57192255295); Fortuna, Daniela (6602178355); Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin (56725310700); Fischer, Florian (55508208800); Feyisa, Bikila Regassa (57218346720); Fetensa, Getahun (57211853863); Ferreira, Nuno (36782210100); Fernandez-Jimenez, Rodrigo (26657321100); Feng, Xiaoqi (60437241000); Fekadu, Ginenus (57207252461); Feizkhah, Alireza (57226144762); Fazylov, Timur (58203307800); Farrokhpour, Hossein (57210568865); Mahmoud Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat (57218603193); Farinha, Carla Sofia e. Sá (57190279273); Farina, Sara (57796630600); Farina, Jacopo (58848642800); Fareed, Mohammad (24491815600); Faraji, Seyed Nooreddin (57190883202); Falzone, Luca (57057684700); Fakhradiyev, Ildar Ravisovich (57210120213); Fahimi, Saman (57216775706); Fahim, Ayesha (56996903600); Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis (50861113000); Fadhil, Ibtihal (15047805100); Fadaka, Adewale Oluwaseun (57189054585); Etaee, Farshid (57193773903); Espinosa-Montero, Juan (6505472664); Eslami, Maysa (57918128700); Eskandarieh, Sharareh (57211720158); Emeto, Theophilus I. (36522397000); Eltaha, Chadi (59331958600); Elsohaby, Ibrahim (56401825200); Elnaem, Mohamed Hassan (57194723424); Elmoselhi, Adel B. (6602310901); El-Metwally, Ashraf A. (6602087856); El-Huneidi, Waseem (14821883000); Elhadi, Muhammed (57212082248); Elgendy, Islam Y. (56022050500); Eladl, Mohamed Ahmed (37052035800); Sayed, Iman El (57207466387); El Bayoumy, Ibrahim Farahat (26421568400); El Arab, Rabie Adel (57204688079); Ekholuenetale, Michael (57189344745); Ejeta, Debela (57823056300); Eghbali, Foolad (57207936638); Ebrahimi, Alireza (59785086900); E’mar, Abdel Rahman (59499506800); Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian (56155198800); Duraes, Andre Rodrigues (30867558600); Duncan, Bruce B. (35476478500); Dsouza, Viola Savy (59137508900); Dowou, Robert Kokou (57220119787); Doshi, Rajkumar Prakashbhai (57193926619); Doshi, Ojas Prakashbhai (59748102300); Dohare, Sushil (55539568400); Doegah, Phidelia Theresa (57191248790); Doaei, Saeid (56016552900); do Prado, Camila Bruneli (57607953900); Phuong Do, Thao Huynh (60215220300); Dima, Adriana (57424551400); Pumpo, Marcello Di (60215304200); Dhimal, Meghnath (54941157300); Dhama, Kuldeep (6507396956); Rahman Dewan, Syed Masudur (60215424700); Devegowda, Devananda (36815720100); Chellaiyan Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana (60585402200); Desale, Aragaw Tesfaw (57215185256); Dervišević, Emina (57209465870); Dergaa, Ismail (57210321130); Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar (25228198700); Bo’, Cristian Del (57215386941); Davletov, Kairat (6602803024); Dassah, Cornelius (58002462700); Dash, Nihar Ranjan (57194876029); Dascalu, Ana Maria (16038545200); Das, Saswati (57209810658); Darcho, Samuel Demissie (58825537100); D’Amico, Emanuele (59202007400); Damiani, Giovanni (57218701806); Dai, Zhaoli (55515212800); Dai, Xiaochen (57221591169); Dadras, Omid (57205721978); Dababo, Nour (58031631700); da Silva, Alanna Gomes (57201069954); Cui, Xiaolin (57190582251); Cruz-Martins, Natalia (57203415019); Criqui, Michael H. (7005209601); Cioffi, Iolanda (56274662300); Giuseppe Cicero, Arrigo Francesco (60585402300); Chung, Sheng-Chia (56008137900); Chukwu, Isaac Sunday (57217204488); Chu, Dinh-Toi (56239816300); Chowdhury, Rajiv (57216138475); Chowdhury, Enayet Karim (35278162800); Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan (55760057300); Chou, Hou In (59667423200); Chong, Bryan (57395645100); Choi, Dong-Woo (57201729586); S Cho, William C. (60584807500); Chirinos-Caceres, Jesus Lorenzo (58188773000); Ching, Patrick R. (57226415941); Chimoriya, Ritesh (57218336276); Chichagi, Fatemeh (57326524500); Chi, Gerald (56248142900); Chew, Nicholas WS (16041567600); Chen, Simiao (60585110300); Chen, Hui (60585304900); Chen, Hana (57913555900); Chaudhary, Anis Ahmad (55419607600); Chandran, Shilpa (60585205100); Chandika, Rama Mohan (57979890000); Kai Chan, Jeffrey Shi (57799873000); Chakraborty, Sandip (59126608900); Cernigliaro, Achille (12787090100); Cenko, Edina (55651505300); Cembranel, Francieli (55867592900); Cegolon, Luca (24449343400); Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia (7004022843); Cattafesta, Monica (57189310073); Catapano, Alberico L. (7006246941); Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A. (35769124700); Carvalho, Márcia (7201413997); Carvalho, Felix (7103070417); Capodici, Angelo (57226112836); Campos-Nonato, Ismael (57203424784); Campos, Luciana Aparecida (35945445300); Cámera, Luis Alberto (7003354253); Calina, Daniela (36451890700); Butt, Zahid A. (57202522739); Bustanji, Yasser (8847282600); Burkart, Katrin (29067507300); Bulto, Lemma N. (57196074547); Bulamu, Norma B. (56957231700); Bugiardini, Raffaele (26541113500); Britton, Gabrielle (7004997832); Brenner, Hermann (7201832825); Brauer, Michael (57218330976); Braithwaite, Dejana (7006987079); Brahmaiah, Jyoti (59149310700); Borhany, Hamed (57221404843); Boppana, Sri Harsha (57885965200); Boloor, Archith (36192710300); Bizzozero-Peroni, Bruno (57223233433); Biswas, Bijit (57200084942); Birhan, Mekuriaw Mesfin (60585205200); Bilgin, Cem (57200617643); Bhatti, Rajbir (26022895800); Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh (14043178800); Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur (6602421376); Bhat, Vivek (57222269450); Bhat, Ajay Nagesh (57819974900); Bhaskar, Sonu (57192268582); Bhardwaj, Pankaj (57226841442); Bharadwaj, Ravi (57062151600); Bhala, Neeraj (15759186000); Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth (56398498300); Bhadoria, Ajeet Singh (55648861200); Beyene, Kebede A. (57191108661); Beyene, Habtamu B. (57830964200); Berhie, Alemshet Yirga (57215095897); Berezvai, Zombor (56957219700); Benziger, Catherine P. (55174180000); Bensenor, Isabela M. (7004830338); Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja (57219902458); Bell, Michelle L. (7401466450); Bilgin, Gokce Belge (58686449000); Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal (55639511900); Belayneh, Asnake Gashaw (58134325700); Behera, Priyamadhaba (57190490496); Bayih, Mulat Tirfie (57202461025); Bayati, Mohsen (56906776500); Batra, Kavita (57219649874); Basu, Sanjay (9335409500); Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi (58798063200); Basri, Rehana (55444650000); Aliabadi, Somaye Bashiri (59236078700); Basharat, Zarrin (56641793600); Barua, Lingkan (57204149904); Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat (57194494747); Bärnighausen, Till Winfried (23011726900); Bardhan, Mainak (57819452400); Bansal, Hansi (59111487400); Banach, Maciej (22936699500); Bam, Kiran (55846063800); Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin (6603841869); Bakkannavar, Shankar M. (34970692400); Baker, Jennifer L. (8705509600); Baig, Atif Amin (49460999600); Bai, Ruhai (57194506536); Bahreini, Razieh (58221294800); Taghanaki, Pegah Bahrami (57205443451); Bagheri, Nasser (14629872900); Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah (25923306400); B, Gayathri (58113706400); Azzolino, Domenico (57204596055); Azzam, Ahmed Y. (57208274797); Azizian, Hossein (57203849637); Aziz, Shahkaar (57381832800); Azhar, Masood (57605390000); A Ayana, Lemessa Assefa (60585110400); Awotidebe, Adedapo Wasiu (56497030000); Awoke, Mamaru Ayenew (57195518484); Atorkey, Prince (57218950488); Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin (26653399600); Astell-Burt, Thomas (36924540400); Askarinejad, Amir (57813118600); Yeboah Asiamah-Asare, Bernard Kwadwo (60585205300); Ashraf, Tahira (56366752600); Ashraf, Javed (55447947000); Artamonov, Anton A. (57089921800); Arooj, Mahwish (55599732000); Ärnlöv, Johan (6602512227); Armocida, Benedetta (57216280659); Areda, Demelash (57193619525); Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. (35386103000); Arabloo, Jalal (57208760927); Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward (57192947419); Anwar, Sumadi Lukman (55251130100); Anvari, Saeid (55967502900); Ansong, Rockson (58867106600); Anil, Abhishek (58164007300); Ancuceanu, Robert (35728302200); Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi (36934039400); Amugsi, Dickson A. (24461463800); Amu, Hubert (57190183918); Amin, Tarek Tawfik (23007746000); Amegah, Adeladza Kofi (55542401600); Amani, Reza (16314878500); Mohammadi, Masoud Aman (57205265256); Alzoubi, Karem H. (8579544200); Ibrahim Alyahya, Mohammad Sharif (54984844500); Aly, Safwat (59871594100); Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed (58143034700); Al-Wardat, Mohammad (57221463260); Alwafi, Hassan (57211478307); Alvis-Guzman, Nelson (57210741239); Altaf, Awais (57201900507); Altaany, Zaid (60412531400); Alseragi, Wafa Mohammed (60585065400); Alsabri, Mohammed A. (58115265500); Alrousan, Sahel Majed (57190412987); Alrawashdeh, Ahmad (57209326108); Alqahtani, Saleh A. (60617876900); Alomari, Mahmoud A. (57219982609); Alnaeem, Mohmmad Minwer (57214461433); Al-Marwani, Sabah (58665514600); Alkhatib, Ahmad (12798864600); Aljunid, Syed Mohamed (57215378130); Al-Jabi, Samah W. (16302963700); Alif, Sheikh Mohammad (57190228064); Alicandro, Gianfranco (36766719200); Ali, Waad (57216492465); Ali, Syed Shujait (57188688612); Ali, Rafat (57211501723); Ali, Mohammed Usman (57726370200); Ali, Mohammad Daud (59608231700); Ali, Endale Alemayehu (57784706800); Ali, Akhtar (57213370403); Ali, Abid (59587356600); Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Naji (54895003400); Algammal, Abdelazeem M. (55953589200); Aldhaleei, Wafa A. (57201732596); Aldawsari, Khalifah A. (57211920043); Albashtawy, Mohammed (57203680806); Al-Ashwal, Fahmi Y. (57196371551); Alam, Khurshid (57203681299); Al-Aly, Ziyad (9738161500); Alalwan, Tariq A. (57196458366); Qadire, Mohammad Al (60166914800); Awaidy, Salah Al (59512686900); Amiry, Alaa Al (60151887400); Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed (57222709271); Aji, Budi (55911737200); Ajami, Marjan (26038910500); Ahmed, Syed Anees (60262936500); Ahmed, Mushood (58511427700); Ahmed, Muktar Beshir (57207802317); Ahmed, Haroon (60271518200); Ahmed, Ayman (57199492030); Ahmadi, Ali (57193998515); Ahmad, Sajjad (57218961022); Ahmad, Muayyad M. (57208845008); Ahmad, Firdos (55545862620); Ahmad, Danish (57202805842); Ahmad, Aqeel (57210400531); Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku (57194684030); Agyemang-Duah, Williams (57190228903); Agide, Feleke Doyore (57204329765); Agarwal, Prerna (57218888973); Afzal, Saira (7004381116); Afzal, Muhammad Sohail (56009310800); Afrooghe, Arya (57431758400); Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika (57219351723); Sakilah Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas (58627736900); Adiga, Usha (14057674100); Adhikari, Kishor (57852466400); Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther (57218094241); Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi (57192177427); Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun (57192176047); Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji (55947572800); Adedokun, Kamoru Ademola (57207983240); Adebayo, Oladimeji Muritala (57194329853); Addo, Isaac Yeboah (56305995900); Adane, Mesafint Molla (57217891132); Abu-Zaid, Ahmed (45861125100); Aburuz, Salahdein (55886382800); Abukhadijah, Hana J. (57865346000); Abu-Gharbieh, Eman (24586714800); Abubakar, Bilyaminu (56389502700); Abubakar, Aminu Kende (58880268300); Abtahi, Dariush (18036750600); Abreu, Lucas Guimarães (55937631400); Abohashem, Shady (57194703660); Aboagye, Richard Gyan (57221438826); Abiodun, Olumide (7003859089); Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola (54386552600); Abdullahi, Auwal (56102934500); Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi (57226205764); Abdoun, Meriem (20336514800); Abdollahi, Mohammad (57940559800); Abdisa, Wakgari Mosisa (59998578600); Abdi, Parsa (58143779200); ElHafeez, Samar Abd (59158131500); Abbastabar, Hedayat (57212441848); Abbaspour, Elahe (58788559200); Abbas, Nasir (56940204900); Abbafati, Cristiana (54917122400); Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis (58492166600); Aalruz, Hasan (57216547615); Shin, Jae Il (60151181800); Son, Yejun (59002076600); Lee, Hayeon (58288501400); Lee, Sooji (57896325600)
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with dietary risks being its most significant modifiable factor. Here, using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study 2023, we estimated the mortality and disability-adjusted life years from diet-related IHD across 204 countries. In 2023, a suboptimal diet was responsible for 4.06 million (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 0.74–6.22) IHD deaths and 96.84 million (18.82–142.52) IHD disability-adjusted life years. The global age-standardized death rate of IHD attributable to suboptimal diet decreased by 43.92% (95% UI 34.44–53.23) per 100,000 population from 1990 to 2023. Among dietary factors, low intake of nuts and seeds (9.87, 95% UI 2.84–17.12 deaths per 100,000 population), low whole grains (9.22, 4.73–13.67), low fruits (7.25, 1.54–13.34) and high sodium (7.15, 0.92–17.97) were primary contributors to IHD deaths. The burden was particularly pronounced in low- and middle-sociodemographic index countries. By disentangling dietary risk factors, we identified the portion of IHD burden directly modifiable through food interventions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc. 2026.
Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Precision Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Nursing, Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Clinical Governance and Quality Improvement, Aleta Wondo General Hospital, Aleta Wondo, Ethiopia; Department of Legal and Economic Studies, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong; Clinical Research Development Unit of Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL, Canada; Institute of Health, Jimma University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia; The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medicine, University of Setif Algeria, Sétif, Algeria; Department of Health, University of Setif Algeria, Sétif, Algeria; National Institute of Epidemiology, Indian Council of Medical Research, Chennai, India; Department of Physiotherapy, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Nigeria; Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Community Medicine, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria; Department of Family and Community Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Radiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Anesthesiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke’s International University, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Population Data Science, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto, Nigeria; Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria; Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Academic Health System, Clinical Trials Unit, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Genomics and Precision Medicine Program, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; College of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN, United States; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States; Graduate Program Division, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States; Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Department of Microbiology, Edo State University Uzairue, Iyamho, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Community Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Bharatpur, Nepal; Public Health Section, Himalayan Environment and Public Health Network (HEPHN), Chitwan, Nepal; Apollo Institute Of Medical Sciences & Research Chittoor, Apollo Hospital, Chittoor, India; Department of Public Health, Universitas Padjadjaran (Padjadjaran University), Bandung, Indonesia; Technical Services Directorate, MSI Nigeria Reproductive Choices, Abuja, Nigeria; Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Community Medicine, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Public Health, Public Health Institute, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Physiology, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, India; Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia; Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada; School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia; School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia; Health Research Institute, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; School of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan; Pan-African One Health Institute (PAOHI), Kigali, Rwanda; Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; Department of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan; Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States; National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia; Department of Cardiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman; Middle East, Eurasia, and Africa Influenza Stakeholders Network, Muscat, Oman; Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan; Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain; Department of Research and Development, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Clinical Epidemiology Center, US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), St. Louis, MO, United States; Murdoch Business School, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, Thi-Qar, Iraq; Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, University of Science and Technology, Sana’a, Yemen; Department of Community and Mental Health, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan; Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States; Heart Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; College of Nursing, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan; School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Rehabilitation (Physiotherapy), University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria; Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India; Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan; Department of Geography, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano (University of Milan), Milan, Italy; Cystic Fibrosis Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico (IRCCS “Ca’ Granda Maggiore Policlinico” Hospital Foundation), Milan, Italy; Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia; College of Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Independent Consultant, Amman, Jordan; Department of Clinical Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physical Therapy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Liver, Digestive, and Lifestyle Health Research Section, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Macro-Fiscal Policy Department, Ministry of Finance, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Department of Emergency Medicine, Sana’a University, Sanaa, Yemen; Pediatric Emergency Medicine Department, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Community Medicine, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan; Higher Collage of Technology, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Faculty of Health Sciences, Equator University of Science and Technology, Uganda, Masaka, Uganda; Research Group in Health Economics, Universidad de Cartagena (University of Cartagena), Cartagena, Colombia; Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies, Universidad de la Costa (University of the Coast), Barranquilla, Colombia; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; College Of Medical Sciences, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; College of Medical Sciences, Azal University for Human Development, Sana’a, Yemen; Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States; Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; Department of Health and Wellbeing, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria; Department of Internal Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria; Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India; Department of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States; Regenerative Medicine, Organ Procurement and Transplantation Multi-disciplinary Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Surgery, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia; Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; College of Art and Science, Ottawa University, Surprise, AZ, United States; School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States; Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Rome, Italy; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet (Karolinska Institute), Stockholm, Sweden; School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden; University College of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation; Department of Oral Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan; Public Health Department, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan; Pioneer Journal of Biostatistics and Medical Research (PJBMR), Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan; Deakin Health Economics/School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Rajaie Cardiovascular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Architecture, Design, and Planning, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Psychological Science, ACAP University College, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Public Health, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia; Department of Health Behavior and Society, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; Miami Cardiovascular Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Inc, Miami, FL, United States; Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan; Department of Physiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; ASIDE Healthcare, Lewes, DE, United States; Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt; Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, India; Department of Population Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biostatistics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR, United States; Clinical Research Center, Nanjing Children’s Hospital, Nanjing, China; International Medical School, Management and Science University, Alam, Malaysia; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark; Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), Anhembi Morumbi University, São José dos Campos, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland; Polish Mothers’ Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland; Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Nagpur, Nagpur, India; Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States; Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Non-communicable Diseases, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Alpha Genomics Private Limited, Islamabad, Pakistan; Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia; Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Primary Care, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Education, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States; Health Human Resources Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department Nutrition and Dietetics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India; Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, India; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; School of Health Policy and Management, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Microbiology, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Ondo, Nigeria; Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Heart and Vascular Center, Essentia Health, Duluth, MN, United States; Institute of Marketing and Communication Sciences, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Metabolomics Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, United States; School of Pharmacy, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India; Community Health Department, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, United Kingdom; Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States; Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States; Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India; School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India; Global Health Neurology Lab, NSW Brain Clot Bank, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Division of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan; Department of General Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India; Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States; Department of Medical Lab Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India; Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India; Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States; Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, India; Department of Physical Education and Health, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay; Department of Internal Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India; Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; Internal Medicine Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department Of Pathology, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Chittoor, Chittoor, India; Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States; Cancer Population Sciences Program, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, United States; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; CEVAXIN, Panama City, Panama; Institute for Scientific Research and High Technology Services, Panama City, Panama; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute (FHMRI), Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Al Shifa School of Public Health, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania; Department of Internal and Geriatric Medicine, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires (Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Board of Directors, Argentine Society of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Center of Innovation, Technology and Education (CITE), Anhembi Morumbi University, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil; Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico; Unit of Hygiene and Public Health, Romagna Local Health Authority, Forlì-Cesena, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Health Science, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy; Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Public Health Department, National University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia; Epidemiology and Public Health Evaluation Group, National University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia; Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; MultiMedica Sesto San Giovanni IRCCS, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy; Graduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil; Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Department of Medical, Surgical, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Public Health Unit, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy; Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil; Integrated Operative Unit of Clinical Pathology, Sant’Antonio Abate Hospital, Erice, Italy; Health Services and Epidemiological Observatory Department, Regional Health Authority, Sicilian Region, Palermo, Italy; State Disease Investigation Laboratory, Animal Resources Development Department, Agartala, India; Cardio-Oncology Research Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, Canterbury, United Kingdom; School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong; Clinical Nutrition Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States; Department of Biology, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Miri, Malaysia; Department of Neurology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Scientific Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Concord Institute of Academic Surgery, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Concord Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Division of Infectious Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States; Department of Public Health, Administration, and Social Sciences, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru; Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong; Cancer Big Data Center, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea; Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, India; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States; Department of Epidemiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; The Interdisciplinary Research Group on Biomedicine and Health, VNU International School (VNUIS), Hanoi, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, VNU International School (VNUIS), Hanoi, Viet Nam; Department of Paediatric Surgery, Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria; Department of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Health Data Research UK, London, United Kingdom; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China; School of Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Research Department, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Medicine, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic; Department of Health, Northern Territory Government, Darwin, WA, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi (Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute IRCCS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Department of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; Department of Biochemistry, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Delhi, India; Ophthalmology Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Ophthalmology Department, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Bucuresti, Romania; Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Center, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano (University of Milan), Milan, Italy; Dirección de Nutrición, Salvador Zubiran National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manouba, Manouba, Tunisia; Department of Social Sciences, University of Jendouba, El Kef, Tunisia; Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Department of Public Health, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, India; JSS Medical College Department of Biochemistry, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Academy of Health Education and Research, Mysuru, India; Department of Pharmacy, United International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmacology Division, Center for Life Sciences Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India; Research Department, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal; Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Catholic University of the Sacred Heart), Rome, Italy; Faculty of Management, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Viet Nam; Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil; School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; Department of Public Health, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Independent Consultant, Bridgewater, NJ, United States; Department of Cardiology, Hackettstown Medical Center, Hackettstown, NJ, United States; Newton Medical Center, Sparta, NJ, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health), Salvador, Brazil; Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; Department of Pediatrics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States; Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medicine, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia; Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, Hampshire, United Kingdom; Almoosa College of Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta City, Egypt; School of Public Health, Texila American University, Guyana, Guyana; Biomedical Informatics and Medical Statistics Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States; Division of Cardiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States; College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, United Kingdom; Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Animal Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, Dallas, TX, United States; Department of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Obesity, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico; Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Public Health and Population, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Research Centre for Healthcare and Community, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom; Department of Oral Biology, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Director of the Scientific and Technological Park, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Department of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, IRCCS Pascale, Naples, Italy; Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Cardiology Unit, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Life Science and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Catholic University of the Sacred Heart), Rome, Italy; Environmental Statistics Unit, National Institute of Statistics, Lisbon, Portugal; Ecological Economics and Environmental Management, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center (NCDRC), Tehran, Iran; Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Department of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Pharmacy, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia; National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Cardiovascular Health and Imaging Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) (National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Research), Madrid, Spain; Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain; Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Nursing, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia; Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia; Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; Institute of Public Health, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Charité Medical University Berlin), Berlin, Germany; Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; Clinical Science Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria; Emilia-Romagna Region - Innovation in Healthcare and Social Services Department, Bologna, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Ravenna, Italy; Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy; Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India; Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Applied Social Sciences, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Târgu-Mureş, Romania; Department of Community Medicine, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria; Department of Community Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria; Department of Community Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India; Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan; Department of Food Technology, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Medical Epidemiology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy; Human Nutrition Laboratory, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán, Mexico; Department of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Occident, Culiacán, Mexico; Centre for Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Noida, India; Department of Midwifery, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia; College of Medicine and Public Health, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia; Department of Public Health, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Laboratory Sciences, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Comprehensive Genetic Services, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Tropical Health Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Family and Community Medicine Department, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physics, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran; Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Country Office, World Health Organization (WHO), Astana, Kazakhstan; Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Department of Nursing, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia; National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States; Department of Health Systems and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India; Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran; Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, Universidade de São Paulo (University of São Paulo), São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; Department of Health Informatics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia; Medical Directorate, Local Health Authority of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Department of Clinical Science, University Of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq; Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States; Department of Community Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka; Department of Public Health, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Preventive Cardiology & Medicine, Eternal Heart Care Centre & Research Institute, Jaipur, India; Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi University Medical Sciences, Jaipur, India; Department of Toxicology, Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi, India; School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Doctoral Program in Biomedical Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; International Programs, Population Council, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Climate Change and Health Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; Biochemistry Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders (Perron Institute), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia; Stroke Research Centre, Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, Australia; Department of Health and Education, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV, United States; Department of Epidemiology Population Biostatistics and Health Promotion, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia; Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands; Research Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Mental Health, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Advanced Nursing, Universitas Airlangga (Airlangga University), Surabaya, Indonesia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia; Department of Ophthalmology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Health Management, Policy and Economics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Adamas University, Kolkata, India; Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Community Medicine, Federal University Teaching Hospital, Lafia, Nigeria; Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Federal University of Lafia, Lafia, Nigeria; Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Skaane University Hospital, Skaane County Council, Malmö, Sweden; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, China; UK Dementia Research Institute Care Research & Technology Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Neurosurgery, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada; School of Allied Health, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia; Independent Consultant, Santa Clara, CA, United States; Department of Medicine, MedStar Health, Washington, DC, United States; Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States; Departamento de Salud Oral (Department of Oral Health), Universidad Autónoma de Manizales (Autonomous University of Manizales), Manizales, Colombia; Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; School of Medicine, Tan Tao University, Long An, Viet Nam; Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India; Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Interventional Cardiology, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Department of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Clinical Legal Medicine, National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici, Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry (DBSC), University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; International Master Program for Translational Science, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, United States; Faculty of Pharmacy, Sultan Zainal Abidin University, Malaysia, Terengganu, Malaysia; Science and Technology Park, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Laboratory of Nutrition and Social Science, Center for Nutritional Epidemiology and Policy Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Settsu, Japan; Collaborative Alliance Research and Education (CARE) Programme, Episcope Research Service, Aberdeen, United Kingdom; West Africa RCC, Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom; Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadiyah Aceh (Muhammadiyah University of Aceh), Banda Aceh, Indonesia; School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia; School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology, Bedong, Malaysia; Malaysian Academy of Pharmacy, Puchong, Malaysia; Public Health Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan; Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Department of Health Services Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan; Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Research and Development Unit, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network (CiberSAM), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Immunology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Immunology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health And Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; Government Hospitals, Manama, Bahrain; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States; Department of Health and Safety, Dubai Municipality, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; UNESCO-TWAS Section of Economic & Social Sciences, Humanities & Arts, The World Academy of Sciences UNESCO-TWAS, Trieste, Italy; Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States; Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Public and Community Health, Frontier University Garowe, Puntland, Somalia; Department of Pharmacology, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; The Medical City for Military and Security Services School, The Medical City for Military and Security Services School, Oman, Muscat, Oman; Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Mysuru, India; Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College and Hospital (CMC), Vellore, India; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Hospital Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Public Health Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, GCS Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA, United States; Department of Public Health, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran; Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Institut Français de Myopie, Paris, France; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India; Department of Economics, National Open University, Benin City, Nigeria; Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Opole, Opole, Poland; Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Life Science, Parul University, Vadodara, India; Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Department, TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India; Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital Karnal, Karnal, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India; Department of Public Health, South Wales University, Treforest, United Kingdom; Osun State Hospital Management Board, Osogbo, Nigeria; Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Regional Institute for Population Studies, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana; 2nd Department of Cardiology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Research center for Neuromodulation and Pain, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia; Eye Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Health Policy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Surgery Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet (Karolinska Institute), Stockholm, Sweden; International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria; Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Public Health, Werabe University, Werabe, Ethiopia; Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, University Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany; The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Department of Human Nutrition of INRAE, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, Bobigny, France; Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France; Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan; Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University, Noida, India; College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Biostatistics, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman; Department of Physical Therapy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Population Science Department, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh; Department of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; BDStatistics Center for Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; Family Medicine Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Primary Care Department, NHS North West London, London, United Kingdom; Aston Pharmacy School, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Department of Health, Nepal Development Society, Chitwan, Nepal; Department of Preventable Non Communicable Disease, Menzies School of Health Research, Alice Springs, NT, Australia; School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Liaquat University Of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan; Department of Internal Medicine, Corewell Health East William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, United States; Department of Medical Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, FL, United States; Department of Public Health, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, United States; Department of Pharmacology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia; Health and Healing Research, Education, and Service, Inc., Boston, MA, United States; Millennium Prevention, Inc., Westwood, MA, United States; School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway; Department of International Health and Sustainable Development, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States; Department of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health Dentistry, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, India; Department of Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States; Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Department of General Practice and Family Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine; Independent Consultant, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Epidemiology, IQVIA, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India; Department of Demography, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Medical Education and Informatics, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Biochemistry, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Research and Publication Activity Division, Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Center of Medicine and Public Health, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States; Department of Food Science and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, India; Public Health Department, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Section of Cardiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana (Satya Wacana Christian University), Salatiga, Indonesia; School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia; Clinical Research Center, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Heart Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Division of Evidence Synthesis, Foundation for People-centric Health Systems, New Delhi, India; Division of Lifestyle Medicine, Centre for Health: The Specialty Practice, New Delhi, India; School of Digital Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam (University of Brunei Darussalam), Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam; Institute of Applied Data Analytics, Universiti Brunei Darussalam (University of Brunei Darussalam), Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam; NEVES Society for Patient Safety, Budapest, Hungary; Centre for Family Welfare, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia; Department of Global Health and Health Security, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; International Society of Doctors for the Environment, Arezzo, Italy; International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Department of Cardiovascular Research, Methodist Hospital, Merrillville, IN, United States; University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, South Korea; Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Westpfalz Klinikum, Kaiserslautern, Germany; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Patras, Patras, Greece; Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen), Groningen, Netherlands; Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs and Management, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India; Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; International Centre for Future Health Systems, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taiwan, Taichung, Taiwan; Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Norrtälje Hospital (Tiohundra), Norrtälje, Sweden; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States; Department of Quantitative Health Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States; School of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador; Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile; Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany; Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Jena, Germany; School of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil; Department of Clinical Data Science and Evidence, Novo Nordisk, Plainsboro, NJ, United States; Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, King Salman International University, South of Sinai, Egypt; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran; Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Cardiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; The Orthopaedic Department, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt; Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Digestive Diseases Research Institute (DDRI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Maternal-Child Nursing and Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Internal Medicine Department, Eisenhower Health, Palm Desert, CA, United States; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Biomedical Engineering Research Center (CREB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (Barcelona Tech - UPC), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Food, Nutrition and Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Department of Biotechnology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal; De
Research at a Glance
Register to unlock
Topics & SDG Alignment
Register to unlock
Collaboration
Register to unlock
Author Profile (Selected)
Register to unlock
References Overview
Register to unlock
Journal & Source
Register to unlock
Metadata & Integrity
Register to unlock